![]() For example, a researcher may be interested in the effect of illegal, recreational drug use (the independent variable(s)) on certain types of behaviour (the dependent variable(s)). This is not to say that it is impossible to do so, but it will either be impractical or unethical to do so. Non-experimental research: In non-experimental research, the researcher does not manipulate the independent variable(s).The tutor could then compare the marks that the students achieved. Alternately, "group two" could be asked to do 20 hours of revision in the two weeks prior to the test. In "group one", the tutor could ask the students not to do any revision. ![]() The tutor could divide the students into two groups, each made up of 50 students. Here, it would be possible to use an experimental design and manipulate the revision time of the students. For example, take our example of 100 students completing a maths exam where the dependent variable was the exam mark (measured from 0 to 100), and the independent variables were revision time (measured in hours) and intelligence (measured using IQ score). Since it is possible to manipulate the independent variable(s), experimental research has the advantage of enabling a researcher to identify a cause and effect between variables.
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